Which of the following best defines a fixture?

A fixture is best defined as items that are permanently attached to the land or a building, making them a part of the property. This concept is essential in real estate because fixtures are generally included in the sale of a property, whereas personal property is not.

The key aspect of fixtures is their attachment and integration into the property. For example, a built-in bookshelf, lighting fixtures, or a plumbing system are considered fixtures because they are not intended to be removed and contribute to the overall value and functionality of the property. In real estate transactions, buyers expect that these items will remain with the property after the sale.

Understanding what constitutes a fixture versus personal property helps both buyers and sellers clarify what is included in a real estate transaction. Personal property refers to items that are movable and not permanently attached, which is why items that can be moved easily are differentiated separately. Temporary installations also do not qualify as fixtures because they are not intended to remain with the property permanently. Therefore, defining fixtures accurately ensures that all parties involved in a real estate transaction have clear expectations about what is being bought and sold.